Totalizer for calculating-machines.



T. D. CRIST 6L G. H. SPlTZLl.

TOTALIZEH Foa CALCULATING MAcHsNEs.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. l2. 1914.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

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0 OOO OOO OO ccLuMmA PLANDGRAIM co., WASHINGTON, D. c.

u"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFCE THOMAS D. CRIST, OF HOLLAND PATENT, AND GEORGE H. SPITZL, OF UTICA, NEVI YORK; SAID CRIST ASSIG-NOR- TO SAID SPITZLI.

TOTALIZER FOR CALCULATING-MACHINES.

Application filed lFebruary 12, 1914.

T0 all @07mm 'it may concern.'

Be it known that we, TrroMAs D. CRIsT and GEORGE H. SPITZLI, citizens Vof the United States, residing at Holland Patent and Utica, respectively, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Totalizers for Calculatinghiachines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to registering mech` anism, and more particularly to mechanism of this character forming a portion of computing machines, and by which the results of the various computing operations are accumulated, and the final result indicated. These computing operations may be of any character, but for convenience this portion of the mechanism is usually referred to as the totalizen The mechanism herein shown and described, while clearly capable of other uses, has been specially designed for use in connection with computing attachments for typewriting machines of the type employing a master gear and a totalizer, said totalizer comprising a series of index members or number wheels connected by suitable transfer or tens-carrying mechanism and respectively actuated by operating gears, the totalizer and master gear being relatively movable to bring the master gear successively into operative relationship with the several operating gears of the totalizer. In machines of this character the totalizer is actuated by the master gear at each operation thereof to change one or more of the digits of the number registered by the totalizer so as to vary said number by an amount depending upon the amount of rotation of the master gear, while the order of the digit or digits so changed will depend upon the particular operating gear at that time in operative relationship to the master gear.

One object of the present invention is to provide improved transfer mechanism for registers or totali/sers of the above character which will enable the totalizer to accumulate and indicate the results of subtraction and division as well as those of addition and multiplication merely by reversing the direction of rotation of the Speeieaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

serial No. 818,218.

master gear, said transfer mechanism accurately performing its tens-carrying function whenever the circumstances may require, but being inoperative at all other times, thereby eliminating all errors of computation. In this connection it is to be observed that, in the operation of addition, when a number wheel which is set to register 9 is turned to or through the position to register zero the number wheel of the next higher order is advanced one number'. lilith the parts in this position, however, if the number wheel of the higher order be turned backwardly one number by its operating gear, the transfer mechanism should not operate to turn backwardly the number wheel of the lower order from Zero to 9. In accordance with the present invention transfer mechanism is provided which will operate in an accurate and reliable manner under the circumstances .first above mentioned, but which will not improperly operate under the circumstances last above mentioned.

Another object of the invention is to provide transfer mechanism which will, at each operation, advance the number wheel of a higher order one number only, said transfer mechanism being automatically locked after such single operation until the number wheel of the lower order has been moved through a suflicient number of spaces to require a second operation of the transfer mechanism. This provision is of particular importance in connection with totalizers for typewriter calculating machines in which the mechanism must, in order to be of practical utility, operate at a relatively high rate of speed, so that a certain momentum is developed which tends to cause the transfer mechanism to overthrow and thereby actuate an index member of a higher order a greater amount than that required for accurate computation.

A further object of the invention is to provide totalizing mechanism of the character above referred to which will permit the necessary relative movements of the totalizer and the master gear without interference, thereby insuring the proper coperation of these parts.

These and other objects of Jrhe invention, together with means whereby the same may be carried into effect, will best be understood from the following description of one form oreinbodiment thereof illustrated in Y the accompanying drawings. lt will be un- Y ers omitted; Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating the cooperation of the carrying wheels and number wheels; Fig. 4: is a detail view illustrating the locking of the carrying wheels by the transfer disks; and Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. i illustrating the actuation of the carrying wheels by the transfer disks.

10 denotes the master gear which is mounted on a shaft 11 and is periodically rotated varying amounts by computing mechanism proper operatively connected with said shaft. v|The computing mechanism may be of lany usual or well known character andis not shown herein as it forms no part of the present invention.

The totaliZing mechanism is preferably inclosed in a suitable casing herein shown as comprising end plates 12 connected by spacing or tie rods or bolts 13, a front plate 14', a top or cover plate 15, and a bottom plate 16. Intermediate the front plateV 14 and cover plate 15 is left a space 17 forming an index opening through which the numerals on the index members or number wheels 18 may be observed. Secured to the front plate 14 are bars 19 and 20 having undercut fianges by which the totalizer is attached to the machine, the flange 19 being provided with a set screw 21 by which said totalizer is secured in the desired position. The specilic form of the totalizer casing and attaching means, however, constitute no part of the present invention and may be of any suitable character. Suitably secured at their ends in the end plates 12, and extending across from side to side of the totalizer casing, are parallel shafts 22, 23,24: and 25, upon which are loosely or rotatably mounted the various wheels, disks, and gears constituting the moving parts of the totalizer mechanism. Y

The number wheels 18 have cylindrical peripheries provided with notches 26 forming teeth 27 upon the ends of which are located the index numerals which, as said number wheels are rotated, are successively brought into position to be observed through the index opening 17 in the totalizer casing. Said number wheels are rotatably mounted side by side in coaxial relation upon the shaft 22 and may be of any suitable number depending upon the desired numerical capacity of the apparatus. as shown most clearly in Fig. V2, spacing sleeves 28 on the shaft 22 are interposed between certain of the number wheels of the series, thereby dividing said number wheels into groups and providing spaces for decimal points and Vother punctuation marks, as will be Vfamiliar to those skilled in the art.

Cooperating with each of the number wheels 18 is a connecting gear 32 and (with the exception of the number wheelk of the lowest order) a carrying wheel 33, said gears and wheels being alternately and rotatably mounted on the sha ft 23, and there being interposed at suitable points in the series spacing sleeves' or hubs 34 corresponding` with the spacing sleeves 28. The gears 32. are of the ordinary spur gear type and mesh directly with the teeth 27V of the number wheels 18. The carrying wheels 33 correspond in form and size with the gears 32 but the teeth thereof are cut away'to form angular ends 35 lying slightly within the circle defined by the outer ends of the teeth on said gears. that when a carrying wheel is in the position shown in Fig. 1 and in full lines in Fig. 3, the ends Vof the teeth thereof are out of the path of movement of the periphery of the corresponding number wheel 18, so that said number wheel may be freely turned by itsy gear 32 without engaging the corresponding carrying wheel 33, but when a carrying wheel is itself turned, as indicated by dotted Vlines in Fig. 3, the angular end yof one of the teeth thereon will engage the corresponding tooth 27 Vof the adjacent number wheel 18 and turn said number wheel.

The main operating gears 29 are rotatably mounted on the shaft 24, said main operating gears corresponding in number and arrangement with the connecting gears 32 and meshing directly therewith. Associated with each of the gears 29 (with the exception of that 'corresponding to the number wheel of the .highest order) is a transfer disk 31, said transfer disks being formed integral with said gears or, preferably, secured to the lateral faces thereof as-by rivets 30. Each gear 29 is operatively connected through a gear 32 with one of the number wheels 18, and the transfer disk 31 carried thereby is operatively connected through a carrying wheel 33 with the number wheel 18 of the next higher order. ln order to bridge the spaces provided by the spacing sleeves or hubs 28 and 34, certain of the transfer disks 31 are connected with their respective gears 29 by hubs 36 which may be formed integral with either the disk 31 or gear 29, or both, or be secured to either one or both of said parts by rivets similar to the rivets 30. Each of the disks Preferably, and` The arrangement is such LLT.

31 is formed with a circular edge or periphery forming a locking surface 37 which is of greater radius than that of the circle defined by the bases of the teeth on the gear 29,'so as to ext-end beyond the bases of said teeth, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. Each transfer disl: 31 is provided adjacent every tenth tooth of the corresponding gear 29 with a transfer tooth 38, similar in form and size to the gear teeth, and at each side of said transfer teeth with recesses 39 in the locking surface 37. Normally the locking surfaces 87 engage the angular ends 85 of the teeth of the carrying wneels 33, as shown in Fig. et, and lock said carrying wheels against rotation. lllhen, however, a dish 31 is turned so as to cause a transfer tooth 38 thereon to engage a tooth of the corresponding carrying wheel 33, the ends of the teeth on said carrying wheel are received in the recesses 39, as indicated in Fig. 5, thereby causing said carrying wheel to be turned by said transfer tooth the space of one tooth, after which said carrying wheel will be again locked against further rotation. By this means, as will be seen, the amount of rotation of each carrying wheel 33 at each actuation thereof by a transfer tooth 38 is positively limited to the space of one tooth of said carrying wheel, so that accidental overthrow of the carrying wheel is prevented, and said wheel after its actuation is positively positioned and locked in the normal and proper angular position in which the ends of the teeth thereof are out of the path of movement of the corresponding number wheels 18 as above explained.

Loosely mounted on a shaft or rod e() supported in the end plates 12 of the totaliZer casing are arms 41 carrying centering rollers 42 which engage the spaces between the teeth of the gears Said rollers are held in yielding engagement with said gears by springs t3 connected at one end to pins :lll projecting from the arms ell and at their opposite ends to a rod arranged parallel to the rod 40 and likewise supported at its ends in the end plates 117. of the totalizer casing. By yieldingly engaging the spaces between the teeth on the gears Q9 the rollers act to position said gears after each operation and, through the connecting gea-rs 82, to center the number wheels so that the index numerals displayed thereby will be properly and evenly positioned with respect to the index opening 1T.

Loosely or rotatably mounted on the shaft is a series of auxiliary operating gears l5 suitably spaced on said shaft by sleeves or hubs el? in accordance with the spacing of the main operating gears 29 so as to mesh therewith. Said gears 46 are engaged and operated by the master gea-r 10 and are provided for the purpose of permitting the necessary movements of the totalizer and master gear without interference, such as would be occasioned (if the master gear were to cooperate directly with the main operating gears 29) by the disks 31 whose locking peripheries extend beyond the bases of the teeth on said gears, as above explained.

ln operation it will be understood that the totalizer and master gear are relatively moved in a lateral direction parallel to the shafts 1l. and 25 so as to brine' said master gear into engagement with the gears i6 successively. Rotation of the master gear, when in engagement with a gear e6, is transmitted through said gear and t-he corresponding gears Q9 and 32 to the corresponding number wheel 18, thereby turning said number wheel an amount proportionate to the amount of rotation of said master gear which in turn is controlled by the computing mechanism, not shown, as will be clear to those skilled in the art. Such rotation of the number wheel causes the number displayed thereby at the index opening 1T to be changed in accordance with the amount of rotation of said number wheel. lThe arrangement is such that when a number wheel is turned, through its operating gear 2Q, to or through the position to register O at the index opening 17, the transfer tooth 38 of the dish 81 carried by said operating gear 29 engages and turns the corresponding carrying wheel 33 the space of one tooth, which in turn causes the number wheel of the next higher order to be advanced or set bach one number in accordance with the direction of rotation of the master gear. This carrying to the number wheel of the higher order is, however, limited to one number by the engagement of the locking surface with the carrying wheel as above explained. l't

will be seen, that when a number wheel turned by its own operating gear through the corresponding gear it will not engage and operate the corresponding carryin wheel 33, that is to say the cai by which said number wheel is i ated in the carrying operation, since the teeth on said carrying wheel are out of the path of movement of the periphery of said number wheel. Moreover said c wheel is at that time locled again ro t Lion by engagement of its teeth with the locking surface on the corresponding trrnsfer disk, said transfer disk being carried bv the main operating gear corresponding to the number wheel of the next lower order and not by the main operating gear at that time actuated. lt will therefore be seen that the tens car ing mechanism, while positively opera ive to transfer from a number wheel of the lower order to a number wheel of the higher order, as required for proper operation, will not improperly operate to transfer from a number wheel of the higher order to a number wheel of a. lower order when the number y v1 1 ymg u neel momentum, to advance a number wheel'of the higher order more than one number at a time, since the carrying devices are 'posi-V tively locked after performing their proper carrying function until it becomes necessary for these combined carrying and locking devices to be-actuated again. It will furthermore be seen that the mechanism, while permitting the desirable results above referred to, is also of such a character as will permit the requisite relative movements of the totalizer and master gear without danger of interference.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

l. in a device of the character described, in combination, number wheels, operating gears, gears connecting said operating gears and number wheels, transfer disks secured to the lateral faces of said operating gears, and carrying wheels interposed between said connecting gears and operatively connecting said transfer disks and number wheels, said transfer disks being formed Vwith-locking surfaces which engage and lock said carrying wheels, with transfer teeth which engage and operate said carrying wheels, and with recesses in said locking surfaces adjacent said transfer teeth.

2. In a device of the character described, in combination, number wheels having notched peripheries forming teeth, gears meshing with said teeth for actuating said number wheels, and carrying wheelsv interposedl between said gears, said carrying wheels having teeth normally out Vof the p paths of movement of the teeth of said number wheels but adapted, when said carrying wheels are actuated, to engage and actuate said number wheels. Y

Y 3. in a device of the character described, in combination, number wheels having teeth, operating members for said number wheels, 'transfer` membersassociated with said operating members, and carrying wheels connecting said transfer members with said number wheels, said carrying wheels having teeth at all times in operative engagement with said transfer members but normally out of the paths of movement of the teeth of said number wheels, the teeth on said carrying wheels being adapted, when said carrying wheels are actuated by said transfer members, to engage and actuate said number wheels.

with said number wheels, said carrying wheels having teeth at'all times in operative engagement with said transfer members but normally out of the paths of movement of the teeth of said number wheels, said transfer members being provided with means for periodically operating said carrying'V wheels and for locking said carrying wheels between operations, and the teeth on said carrying wheels being adapted, when said carrying wheels are actuated by said transfer members, to engage and actuate said number wheels.

5. ln a device of the character described, in combination, number wheels having notched peripheries forming teeth, operating gears, gears connecting said operating gears and number wheels and meshing with the teeth on said number wheels, transfer disks secured to the lateral faces of said operating' gears, and carrying wheels interposed between said connecting gears, said carrying wheels having teeth normally out of the paths of movement of the teeth of Vsaid number wheels but adapted when said carrying wheels are actuated to engage and actuate said number wheels, and said transfer disks being formed with locking surfaces which engage the teeth of said carrying wheels and lock said carrying wheels,'with transfer kteeth which engage the teeth of said carrying wheels and with recesses in said locking surfaces adjacent said transfer teeth to receive the teeth of said carrying wheels when said carrying wheels are actuated.

6. fn a device of the character described, in combination, number wheels having notched peripl eries forming teeth, gears meshing with said teeth for actuating said number wheels, and carrying wheels interposed between said gears, said carrying wheels having teeth which engage the teeth of said number wheels when said carrying wheels are actuated, the teeth on said carrying wheels having angular ends normally out of the paths of movement of the teeth of said number wheels.

T. In a device of the character described, in combination, number wheels having notched peripheries forming teeth; operating gears; connecting gears meshing with said operating gears and with the teeth of saidnumber wheelsgrtransfer disks secured to said operating gears and having circular peripheries, transfer teeth, and recesses in said peripheries adjacent said transfer teeth; and carrying wheels interposed between said Vconnecting gears and operatively connecting said transfer disks and numbervwheels, said carrying wheels having teeth which are engaged by said transfer teeth to actuate said carrying wheels and which engage the teeth of said number wheels when said carrying wheels are actuated, the teeth on said carrying Wheels having angular' ends which are normally out of the paths of movement of the teeth of said number Wheels, which engage the peripheries of said transfer disks to lock said carrying Wheels, and which are received in said recesses When said carrying Wheels are actuated by said transfer teeth.

8. In a device of the character described, in combination, index members, main operating gears operatively connected with said index members for actuating the same, transfer disks carried by said operating gears and having peripheries extending beyond the bases of 'the teeth on said gears, carrying wheels connecting said transfer disks with said index members, and auxiliary operating gears meshing With said main operating gears for actuating the same.

9. in a device of the character described, in combination; index members; main operating gears operatively connected With said index members for actuating the same; transfer disks secured to said operating gears; carrying Wheels connecting said transfer disks with said index members; said transfer disks being formed with locking peripheries which extend beyond the bases of the teeth on said gears and Which engage and lock said carrying Wheels, with transfer teeth Which engage and operate said carrying Wheels, and with recesses in said locking peripheries adjacent said transfer teeth; and auxiliary operating gears coperating With said main operating gears for actuating the same.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for 10. In a device of the character described, in combination, number Wheels having notched peripheries forming teeth, main operating gears, gears connecting said operating gears and number With teeth on said number Wheels, transfer disks secured to the lateral faces of said oper ating gears, carrying Wheels interposed between said connecting gears, said carrying Wheels having teeth normally out of the paths of movement of the teeth of said number Wheels but adapted when said carrying Wheels are actuated to engage and actuate said number Wheels, and said transfer disks being formed with locking peripheries which extend beyond the bases of the teeth on said operating gears and which engage the teeth of said carrying Wheels and lock said carry ing Wheels, With transfer teeth iv iich engage the teeth of said carrying Wheels and actuate said carrying Wheels, and with recesses in said locking surfaces adjacent said transfer teeth to receive the teeth of said carrying Wheels when said carrying Wheels are actuated, and auxiliary operating gears coperating With said main operating gears for actuating the same.

In testimony whereof We ailix our signatures, in presence of two Witnesses.

THOMAS D. CRIS-T. GEORGE H. SPITZL. Witnesses:

HARRmTT WILLIAMS, GEO. E. RENDELL.

Washington, ID. C.

Wheels and meshing 40 

